Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) has been implicated in acne vulgaris and the ensuing inflammation phase of acne. Nicotinamide (vitamin B3) has been shown to be an effective treatment for acne inflammation and acne spots. Vitamins are a natural constituent of human skin and are part of a system of antioxidants that protect the skin from damage i.e. acne scarring following bouts of acne cysts.
A study in France, by Grange and co-workers (2009) found that Nicotinamide inhibited certain chemical pathways which lead to the characteristic inflammation process in acne vulgaris. The research team believe that this immune response may be a suitable area for treatment with vitamin B3, during the early phase of inflammation.
Vitamins B
Vitamin B3 is one of 8 B vitamins. It is also known as niacin (nicotinic acid) and has 2 other forms, niacinamide (nicotinamide) which have different effects from niacin. All B vitamins aid the body to change food into fuel, which is "burned up" to produce energy. These B vitamins, often called B complex vitamins, additionally help the body breakdown fats and protein. B complex vitamins are essential for healthy skin, hair, eyes and liver. So, in the case of acne vulgaris can be very beneficial and indeed can really help our skins ward off the bacteria causing inflammation, spots and any scarring that might follow.
Additionally, Niacin also helps our body make various sex and stress-related hormones in the adrenal glands and other parts of the body. Niacin is good in increasing circulation and lowering cholesterol levels in the blood and tissues. The body does not store B vitamins, so we need to constantly be taking them in.
You can achieve all of your body's needs for B3 through diet; it is rare for anyone in the developed world to have a B3 deficiency. In the Western World, alcohol is the prime cause of vitamin B3 deficiency.
Symptoms of B3 deficiency include indigestion, fatigue, sores/ulcers, vomiting and depression. Severe deficiency can cause a condition known as pellagra. Pellagra is characterized by cracked, scaly skin, dementia, and diarrhea. It is generally treated with a nutritionally balanced diet and niacin supplements.
Also, Vitamins A, C and E have been stated, by the scientist Burgess (2008), to have, potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. To achieve optimal effectiveness, vitamins must be delivered in appropriate acne cream and lotion formulations. These vitamins have also shown effectiveness in the treatment of acne, and pigmentation disorders and wound healing. There is emerging evidence, that combinations of vitamins have an additive effect, that provide enhanced action, compared with individual vitamins. Scientists are now working, to deliver vitamin B3 combinations directly to the skin where it is needed, in the forms of acne lotions and creams. But you can help, in the meantime, by consuming a balanced diet.
References
J Dermatol Sci. 2009 Nov;56 (2): 106-12. 2009 Sep 1.Nicotinamide inhibits Propionibacterium acnes-induced IL-8 production in keratinocytes through the NF-kappaB and MAPK pathways. Grange PA, Raingeaud J, Calvez V, Dupin N.
J Drugs Dermatol. 2008 Jul;7(7 Suppl):s2-6. Topical vitamins. Burgess C.
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